Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. What is the mass of this planet in terms of Earth's mass? According to the law of gravitation, the gravitational force F of the earth acting on a body is given by: Mass of the Earth Formula =6 1024 kg Mass of earth in kg The other two are the radii of curvature. w Our descriptions of Earths surface must be simpler than reality in order to be tractable. a) Calculate the average density of the white dwarf. What you need is to convert a meter into degrees since long/lat is a polar coordinate system.With the circumference of Earth being 40,075 km, you get 0.00000898315 deg/m which you need to multiply with the size of the object (1 m) to get the degrees which you have to add to your coordinate to get a point which intersects with the radius of . Its measured round the Equator and round the rods that provide different values. 1o = 180 radian. , and because Strictly speaking, spheres are the only solids to have radii, but broader uses of the term radius are common in many fields, including those dealing with models of Earth. Earth's surface area is an estimated 510 km2, and about 29% of the area is land while the other 71% consists of water. . Could E.T. NASA Telescope Takes 12-Year Time-Lapse Movie of Entire Sky. Ans. The distance to the centre of the Earth has been taken as the volumetric mean radius of the Earth: 6,371km. He also shares personal stories and insights from his own journey as a scientist and researcher. What is the earths radius in meters?Earth radiusSI base unit6.3781106 mMetric system6,357 to 6,378 kmEnglish units3,950 to 3,963 miEarth radiusSI base unit6.3781106 mMetric system6,357 to 6,378 kmEnglish units3,950 to 3,963 miWhat is the radius of the earth?According to data taken by 183 high-school classes participating in a World Year of Physics project, "Measure the Earth At the poles, = 90o and the length = 110.95 km, nearly. If we were to plot this it would show (setting, G = M = m = R = 1, and including force direction): A simple spring oscillator To understand what this means we'll look at a simple spring oscillator. A rough, general figure for the Earths mean orbital speed is 30 kilometers per second (km/s), or 18 miles per second (mi/s). For example, if you stand at a point on the earth and move around the earth in a straight path, and reach the same point again, then the distance covered by you is the circumference of the earth. The WGS84 reference ellipsoid is now just that, a reference ellipsoid (that is, its the ellipsoid used as a reference by GPS and related systems). In simple words, radius refers to that line, which originates from any point of the circle and touches the centre point the circle. The radius of a circle is the straight-line distance from the very center of the circle to any point on the circle. Radius of planet R = 2 x radius of earth = 2 x 6.4 x 10 6 m. G = gravitational constant = 6.67 x 10-11 N m 2 /kg 2. Copyright 2022 - Science-Atlas.com. , over the surface of the ellipsoid. One reason that our program is so strong is that our . . Since Earth is roughly spherical, calculating its volume is relatively simple. They are vertices of the ellipse and also coincide with minimum and maximum radius of curvature. The bulge have been decreasing, consider 1998 the bulge has elevated, possibly because of redistribution of sea mass via currents. ] How do you find the radius of the Earth using trigonometry? The corresponding radius of curvature depends on the location and direction of measurement from that point. Geodetic ellipsoids are better suited to regional idiosyncrasies of the geoid. On solving the circumference of the earth we get 39,350 kilometres. The value of standard gravity corresponds to the gravity on Earth at a radius of 6,375.4 kilometres (3,961.5 mi). According to data taken by 183 high-school classes participating in a World Year of Physics project, Measure the Earth with Shadows, the radius of Earth is 6563 km, compared to the accepted value for the mean radius of 6371 km. In the third century B.C., Eratosthenes, a Greek mathematician, became the first person to mathematically calculate the diameter of the earth by comparing differences in the angle of the suns rays at two separate geographic points. The total mass of all the asteroids combined is less than that of Earth's Moon. Earth's rocky mantle and metallic core make it the densest planet, at 5.513 grams per cubic centimeter. [22] For both Aristotle and Eratosthenes, uncertainty in the accuracy of their estimates is due to modern uncertainty over which stadion length they meant. To determine the diameter of the earth in metres first multiply the original value by 2. Instant free online tool for Earths equatorial radius to meter conversion or vice versa. Each pair measured the position from the sun, in the same manner the Greek philosopher Eratosthenes exceeded 2000 years back in Alexandria, Egyptby evaluating the size of an item to the size of its shadow, measured at local noon. How to Calculate the Circumference of the Earth? The cases below considers Earth's topography, above or below a reference ellipsoid. {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial r}{\partial \varphi }}} (b) Repeat part (a) with the sun in place of the earth. What are the formula in calculating the earth? .[10]. Refer to the WGS-84 ellipsoid if a more precise value for its polar radius is needed. for an oblate spheroid, the curvatures are. What is the scientific name for Earth? It has a diameter of 12,756.3 km (Scientific notation: 1.2756 x 10e4) and a radius of 56,378.15 km (Scientific notation: 5.6378 x 10e4 km.) As a consequence of this, the polar radius is closer to 6,356.7 kilometers. {\displaystyle {\mathcal {R}}_{\mathrm {pJ} }^{\mathrm {N} }} a) The diameter of the earth is approximately 1.276 1 0 7 1.276 \times 10^7 1.276107 m in scientific notation. Thus, the radius of the earth in meters in scientific notation is 6.371106m. Earth radius is the distance from Earth's center to its surface, about 6,371 km (3,959 mi). Thus, the radius of the earth in meters in scientific notation is 6.371106m. R F 191 mi) at the equator. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. The answer would be 695 500 000 m. Wiki User. . The value for the polar radius in this section has been rounded to the nearest 0.1m, which is expected to be adequate for most uses. = {\displaystyle K} nasa.gov. Use scientific notation to show the above value of the radius. Start your trial now! Calculating Earths Volume Averaging these two numbers yields a mean radius of 6,371.0 kilometers (3,958.7 miles), which in turn yields an approximate value for the volume of the Earth of 1.08 quadrillion cubic kilometers (259 trillion cubic miles). => When Wi-Fi is available location accuracy is usually between 20 - 50 meters. Additionally, the radius can be estimated from the curvature of the Earth at a point. Using the parameters from WGS84 ellipsoid of revolution, a = 6,378.137 km and b = 6356.7523142km, V = 1.083211012km3 (2.59881011cumi).[17]. He studied in Athens at the Lyceum. He noticed that the difference in the angle of a shadow in his location at Syene, which is present-day Aswan in Egypt, and that of a shadow in Alexandria was about 7.2 degrees. The radius of a parallel of latitude is given by [27] However, the 1492 enactment of that voyage brought his fleet to the Americas. Hence the required distance is. The adolescent protagonists of the sequence, Enrique and Rosa, are Arturos son and , The payout that goes with the Nobel Prize is worth $1.2 million, and its often split two or three ways. wikipedia article on the Juno spacecraft provides an a great overview of this type of process. How do you find the radius of a planet in physics? Today we know our planet's circumference is roughly 40,000 kilometers (24,850 miles). Point B, which appears due east from A, will be closer to the equator than A. How did Aristotle know the earth was round? Thus, the surface of the earth at the. 1 Definition of radius 1 : a line segment extending from the center of a circle or sphere to the circumference or bounding surface. Equatorial radius is conventionally used as the nominal value unless the polar radius is explicitly required. For Eratosthenes, at midday on the summer solstice where the suns angle was directly overhead, the angle was zero. Her latest book, "A Travel for Taste: Germany," was published in 2015. Given local and transient influences on surface height, the values defined below are based on a "general purpose" model, refined as globally precisely as possible within 5m (16ft) of reference ellipsoid height, and to within 100m (330ft) of mean sea level (neglecting geoid height). A 2 Do NOT follow this link or you will be banned from the site! We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Measured around the Equator, it is 40,075.017 km (24,901.461 mi). Earths radius is usually given as 6378137 meters (equatorial radius), its flattening is defined as 1/298.257223 (WGS84), and thus its polar radius is calculated as 6356752 meters.However, the av. Drive one of the meter sticks into the ground in your location in a sunny spot. 2a : the bone on the thumb side of the human forearm also : a corresponding part of vertebrates above fishes. 6 m0. 752 km (3949. Earth's diameter is simply twice Earth's radius; for example, equatorial diameter (2a) and polar diameter (2b). f Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Around 1690, Isaac Newton and Christiaan Huygens argued that Earth was closer to an oblate spheroid than to a sphere. [f], This Earth's prime-vertical radius of curvature, also called the Earth's transverse radius of curvature, is defined perpendicular (orthogonal) to M at geodetic latitude is:[g], N can also be interpreted geometrically as the normal distance from the ellipsoid surface to the polar axis. A) 4.5 x 10-7 B) 4.5 x 107 C) 45 x 10-6 D) 45 x 106 More than 2,000 years ago Eratosthenes compared the position of the Suns rays in two locations to calculate the spherical size of the Earth with reasonable accuracy. This difference is the geoid height, positive above or outside the ellipsoid, negative below or inside. One can only adopt an idealized model. The radius of Earth at the equator is 3,963 miles (6,378 kilometers), according to NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. These values correspond to the zero Earth tide convention. R = 6371 km is the mean Earth radius.. E The geoid height can change abruptly due to earthquakes (such as the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake) or reduction in ice masses (such as Greenland).[5]. Karren Doll Tolliver holds a Bachelor of English from Mississippi University for Women and a CELTA teaching certificate from Akcent Language School in Prague. This topographical average is 6,371.230km (3,958.899mi) with uncertainty of 10m (33ft).[16]. The radius of Earth at the equator is 3,963 miles (6,378 kilometers), according to NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. for an oblate spheroid, the curvatures are. Make sure both sticks are perpendicular to the Earth and that the same length of stick protrudes from the ground. Radius refers to a line that connects to the centre point of a circle to any point on its outside layer. (clarification needed). Earth's volume is estimated at 1 trillion cubic kilometers. Additionally, the bulge at the equator shows slow variations. The planet's rotation causes it to bulge at the equator. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. What is radius of Earth in gravitation Class 9? The height above sea level of the location is added. w We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. When it is measured around the equator, it is40,075 km (approximately, 24,901 miles), whereas, if it measured from the north pole to the south pole it is40,008 km (approximately, 24,860 miles). Comment document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a9a1dd2ca0d2b09469aaaff6808fc4c3" );document.getElementById("ae49f29f56").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Rather, elevation above or below sea level is useful. r . J What does EARTH RADIUS mean? [21] The first known scientific measurement and calculation of the circumference of the Earth was performed by Eratosthenes in about 240BC. Hence, we create models to approximate characteristics of Earth's surface, generally relying on the simplest model that suits the need. Surface Gravity Metric: 9.80665 m/s 2 English: 32.041 ft/s 2 Escape Velocity Metric: 40,284 km/h English: 25,031 mph Scientific Notation: 1.119 x 10 4 m/s Sidereal Rotation Period 0.99726968 Earth Days 23.934 Hours Surface Temperature Metric: -88/58 (min/max) C English: -126/136 (min/max) F Scientific Notation: 185/331 (min/max) K This video explains how humans managed to measure the circumference of the earth long long ago using simple math, reasoning and assumptions. And we end up with 12.6 meters per second , Firearm muzzle velocities range from approximately 120 m/s (390 ft/s) to 370 m/s (1,200 ft/s) in black powder muskets, to more than 1,200 m/s (3,900 ft/s) in modern rifles with high-velocity cartridges such as the , Summary. Eratosthenes estimated Earth's circumference at about 46,250 kilometers (28,735 miles). Earth Radius by Latitude Calculator Calculates radius and diameter of the Earth for a given latitude. 0 It is with the values I gave you. Science atlas, our goal is to spark the curiosity that exists in all of us. What physical measurement / elevation is used to define Earths radius? Surveyors today use a variety of instruments and calculations to determine the size of the Earth and collect other relevant data. Of course, no one is claiming the size of Earth has actually changed. For information on the Earth, see the Earth Fact Sheet. T After completing his doctoral studies, he decided to start "ScienceOxygen" as a way to share his passion for science with others and to provide an accessible and engaging resource for those interested in learning about the latest scientific discoveries. The following equation estimates the ellipsoid radius ( r s ) using flattening ( f ) , geocentric latitude ( s ) , and equatorial radius ( R ) : r s = R 2 1 + [ 1 / ( 1 f ) 2 1 ] sin 2 s . How do you find the acceleration of a system? Enchanted Learning. In physics, it is established that the acceleration due togravity, g (in meters/sec 2), at a height h meters abovesea level is given by g(h)= 3.99 *10 14 (6.374* 10 6 + h) 2 where 6.374 * 10 6 isthe radius of the Earth in meters. {\displaystyle e} {\displaystyle R_{E}} = 149597870700 meters nearly This is 10-sd (significant digits) approximation. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Examples collapse all Earth Radius in Meters View the mean radius of the Earth using the default units, meters. (a) Local topography increases the variance, resulting in a surface of profound complexity. This section describes the common ways. r This length is also used as a unit of distance, especially in astronomy and geology, where it is usually denoted by R. Though he did not have instant communications as we do now, he was able to determine the angle of the suns rays in Alexandria at the same time, which was about 7.2 degrees. [24] Claudius Ptolemy around 150AD gave empirical evidence supporting a spherical Earth,[25] but he accepted the lesser value attributed to Posidonius. Q4. nasa.gov. The radius of Earth at the equator is 3,963 miles (6,378 kilometers), according to NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. The radius R of a nucleus of mass number A can be estimated by the formula R = (1.3 1015)A 1/3 m. The earth rotates once every 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4.09053 seconds, called the sidereal period, and its circumference is roughly 40,075 kilometers. It was there that he first had the idea to create a resource for physics enthusiasts of all levels to learn about and discuss the latest developments in the field. {\displaystyle n={\frac {N}{|N|}}} Your partner should measure at the same time, regardless of time difference. Thus, the surface of the earth at the equator moves at a speed of 460 meters per secondor roughly 1,000 miles per hour. Sometimes more are aboard the station during a crew handover. Since the estimate by Eratosthenes, many models have been created. What is the radius of Earth in gravitation? These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Regarding this, what is the diameter of the Earth in scientific notation? b : the third and usually largest vein of an insects wing.