The 1st Battalion, 79th Field Artillery was created July 1, 1916 when it was constituted in the Army as Troops A and B of the 21st Cavalry Regiment, and then organized on June 1, 1917 at Fort . Nathaniel H.Smett, Edward W.Aycock, Henry D.Lembek, Walter W.Leibowitz, Sidney N. Mirandette, Xavier E. Jr.,Baldwin, Doyle F.Bardoli, William B.Goodwin, Fred W. Johnson, Virgil L.Garcia, Manuel U.Peracciny, RaymondPeed, George A. Since it was too dark to positively confirm that these were truly enemy tanks, Garrett told his men to sit tight until they could see either the muzzle brakes on the tanks guns or the crosses painted on the side. Headquarters Battery and Batteries A and B supported the 1st Special Service Force and participated in the Italian campaign battles for Monte Cassino, Anzio and Rome. Most unit standard operating procedures design an R3P/R3SP to support movement in which a battery moves to receive or turn-in ammunition, refuel all vehicles through a fuel point, receive rations and water, and drop off trash. If one suspects one's position is being observed by a covert FO then a mission, either artillery or infantry, will be raised to deal with this threat. Jeffrey T. Finley IINovember 6, 2017. Teams with special functions may also. Items to be analyzed include possible alternate routes, cover, concealment, location of obstacles, likely ambush sites, contaminated areas, route marking requirements, and the time and distance required to traverse the route. In normal operations the FOs locate targets and transmits the CFF to the FDCs. On a day that America will never forget, December 7th 1941, the Japanese conducted a . Maryland Campaign September 6-22. There were two small woods on top of the ridge about 50 yards apart, with an open field between them. Field Army Army Group Army Region TEAM 4 Soldiers Four soldiers make up a team a noncommissioned officer and three junior enlisted soldiers. This method also provides an avenue for battery leaders to communicate face to face with battalion leaders every day if necessary or desired. However, this is not necessarily true of modern self-propelled guns such as the German PzH2000. These higher level FDCs monitor the fire missions of their subordinate units and will coordinate the use of multiple batteries or even multiple battalions in what is called a battalion or brigade/regimental mission. How many troops are in a artillery battery? A standard artillery battery has roughly six guns and up to 150 Marines; a battalion would include up to 18 guns or three firing batteries. The FSC links up with the batteries at both the RP3 and the LRP; however, one involves batteries going to a designated location that has most of their assets, and the other is a small element located in between the CTCP and the firing batteries. The essay is how to solve the problem in 2nd Armored brigade combat team? Every morning during the siege the divisions artillery commanders would gather to discuss their situation and to prepare for the day ahead. This paper is separated into four focus areas consisting of: Battalion Operations, Battery Operations, Sustainment Operations, and Radar Employment Considerations. As soon as the fighting began, Cooper called division headquarters and informed them that the 463rd had been attacked and would hold out as long as possible. During a brief lull their commander, Colonel Wolfgang Maucke, had his men retreat to a hill southeast of Flamizoulle. Natural cover must be used to the maximum. Few areas of the world have been as hotly contested as the India-Pakistan border. An administrative collection of artillery batteries was called a battalion in the 18th century, a brigade until 1938, and since then a regiment. The next day, they succeeded in blocking all roads into Bastogne and launched major assaults on the 101sts positions northeast and east of the town. The Battalion Operations section highlights the FA Battalion's tasks associated with defensive operations. This method also improves security for the batteries and the distribution platoon because it reduces movement within the battery PAAs and the time the distribution platoon is on the road. They can drive up, drop their trails, fire and move on. Lt. Col. Once again, an FDC exists at the U.S.Army brigade or USMC regimental level that "owns" the battalions. There were more than 730 howitzers supporting Operation Desert Storm. Neals command was short-lived, however, for less than four months later an enemy shell seriously wounded him. QUESTION 1 1. Major General Maxwell Taylor, the 101sts commander, was in the United States, and his deputy, Brig. At the beginning of World War I in August 1914, the field and foot artillery of the German Imperial Army consisted of over 1,270 batteries with about 8,700 guns. While his battalion fought the tanks outside of Hemroulle, Rogan had been with the remaining men from the 401st as they shut the door behind the tanks and dealt with their supporting infantry. On the 19th, the Germans cut off the 463rd supply train, which Cooper had sent back for more ammunition. The history we will be covering will be how the Red Dragon Battalion helped win WWII. 1-13. During the intense Battle of Biazza Ridge, however, the battery had scored its first victory against enemy tanks using direct fire. Integrating FSCs into field artillery battalions, Army announces upcoming unit deployment to support European allies and partners, Army Establishes two new Initiatives to Combat Harmful Behaviors, U.S. Army STAND-TO! The FSC commander is ultimately responsible for everything that the FSC does or fails to do, which includes providing all sustainment the supported battalion requires. Ultimately the support plan for the battalion relies on the battalion S-4 and FSC commander working together to establish a logistics common operational picture for the battalion. It includes a medical plan, route analysis, and water requirements for decontamination procedures. Then they perform what is known as route reconnaissance. Field Artillery Brigades Regiments Detachments Brigades Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 17th Fires Brigade 13 September 2007 Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 18th Fires Brigade. The dual trains method also disperses logistics personnel, which creates communication, personnel management, and security challenges. The most notable characteristic of units that attempt to use outdated doctrine is that they quickly strain their distribution platoon's work/rest cycle. Modern field artillery (i.e. On October 1st 1941 the unit reorganized as C Battery, 13th Field Artillery Battalion, assigned to the 24th Infantry division, stationed in Schofield Barracks, Hawaii. THREE PER FIELD ARTILLERY BATTALION, 155MM, SELF-PROPELLED, TOE 06365F. This paper is separated into four focus areas consisting of: Battalion Operations, Battery Operations, Sustainment Operations, and radar employment considerations. Modern field artillery (i.e. Seven of the tanks headed in the direction of Champs, while the others moved to a ridge overlooking Hemroulle and parked. The assignments were made back in the US and continued upon deployment. Each fault is annotated on a Department of the Army Form 5988, Equipment and Maintenance Inspection Worksheet, which is passed to the FSC at the LRP. Another disadvantage of self-propelled guns is that they tend to be equipped with lighter, less accurate guns. Failing to manage the cycle will ultimately cause the platoon to take a safety halt because of insufficient rest or decreased proficiency. Each of Coopers guns had 20 rounds of hollow charge antitank ammo to provide direct fire against enemy armor.At about 3:30 a.m., Rogan radioed his battalions operations officer, Major Victor Garrett, that he and his supporting company had been overrun by an enemy tank column accompanied by white-capped infantrymen, some riding on the back of the panzers. The FOs are forward with the infantry (in support role) where they can see the targets and Call For Fire (CFF) upon them. In February 1944 the three batteries were redesignated the 463rd Parachute Field Artillery Battalion, with Major Hugh A. Neal as battalion commander. Several factors are taken into consideration. Unfortunately, there is no photo of the Medical Detachment. The artillery was quickly joined by soldiers from Batteries A, B and C with bazookas, machine guns and rifles firing at the tanks and the enemy infantry around them. Department of Defense Is artillery the safest fighting branch of a military? Relieved 16 April 2007 from assignment to the 1st Infantry Division and assigned to the 3d Brigade Combat Team, 1st Infantry Division. The combat engineer platoons provide the BCT with assets for breaching, and obstacle emplacement. The battalions Company C was kept in reserve near the 463rds command post at Hemroulle. the Parachute Battalion Group . The crews load the howitzers and traverse and elevate the barrel to the required point, using either hand cranks (usually on towed guns) or hydraulics (on self-propelled models). It also allows the FSC's distribution platoon to maintain a fuel tanker to support the CTCP or to conduct resupply from the BSA simultaneously. It was about 3:30 a.m. on December 25, 1944, and Rogan was spending his second Christmas overseas in a foxhole on the outskirts of Bastogne, Belgium. Coopers zeal was a lucky break for the men of the 101st. Cooper did not know how long his battalion could hold out, but he was determined that his guns would slow the enemy advance, if not stop it. Either the battalion maintenance officer or the FSC executive officer works best as the one in charge of the FTCP. By the afternoon of the 24th, division headquarters was convinced that an attack was likely in the 327ths sector either that day or the next. Even though there had been other American tanks and antitank units in the vicinity, Cooper was convinced that since his guns had all 11 panzers in their sights, they had been responsible for the destruction of the entire force moving against Hemroulle. Their battalion command post was in the village of Hemroulle, about a mile northwest of Bastogne. To most sustainers, the doctrinal terms R3P and rearm, refuel, resupply, and survey point (R3SP) are not familiar. However, he may also be airbornethis was one of the first uses of aircraft in World WarI. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. That experimental unit would become Battery B, 456th Parachute Field Artillery Battalion. The sustainment rehearsal is a great opportunity to bring the battalion together to receive feedback on the battalion sustainment plan, identify triggers, and ensure everyone has a shared understanding of the concept of support and the logistics common operational picture. The 463rd remained in Hemroulle providing support fire around the perimeter of Bastogne until January 15, 1945, when it joined the 101st in its final push into Germany. Coopers plan was to have one of the three guns shoot the first tank in the line while the other two went after the remainder. Arrived in France 3 April 1945; returned via Boston Port of Embarkation 27 December 1945. This article was written by Martin F. Graham and originally appeared in the December 2004 issue of World War II. He developed a 6-inch (150 mm) field howitzer whose gun barrel, carriage assembly and ammunition specifications were made uniform for all French cannons. McAuliffe stated, I give you credit for these two tanks. Cooper asked him whether these tanks were knocked out or disabled. R3P and R3SP are not methods taught in sustainment doctrine. digging assets, and route clearance capabilities. Martin Grahams father was a member of Battery B, 463rd Parachute Field Artillery Battalion. In garrison, units gain experience by repeating procedures that work well within the cantonment area, but those procedures do not necessarily work well in a deployed environment. The 463rds odyssey to this Christmas morning in Belgium began in February 1942, when the War Department authorized the creation of the first test parachute artillery battery. These higher level FDCs monitor the fire missions of their subordinate units and will coordinate the use of multiple batteries or even multiple battalions in what is called a battalion or brigade/regimental mission. Depending on the CFF, the gunline will fire the round when they are ready or when the FO calls and tells them to fire. A machine gun crew from Company A, 401st Glider Infantry Regiment, was within a stones throw of the two men, and a third member of the 463rd, Corporal William Everhardt, was in a slit trench not far behind their position. post- World War I) has three distinct sections: All batteries have a Fire Support Man (Forward Observer), Fire Direction Control (FDC), and Cannoners (Gunner). Sustainment section. Not managing the cycle also reduces resupply efficiency because it desynchronizes the concept of support plan. A few of the artillery battalion commanders in the 101st, unfamiliar with the 463rd, thought the battalion consisted of a bunch of greenhorns just arriving from the States. Brought out of reserve, C Company of the 401st joined the fight against the 115th until daybreak, when American artillery and mortars could deal with the enemy infantry, which was now outlined against the snow-covered slopes west of Hemroulle. The sustainment rehearsal is meant to focus on areas in which sustainment is required in order to execute FA tasks. a. [3], The medieval Ming dynasty Chinese invented mobile battlefield artillery during the early part of the fourteenth century at the time when gunpowder and the primordial cannon were first being adopted in the West. He holds a bachelor's degree in business management and marketing from Saint Xavier University and an MBA from Grantham University. About a half-hour later, it performed a D Battery assumption of command ceremony, all at the Fort Sill Armed Forces Reserve Center. Where are field artillery units stationed? He replied, Theyre damn sure destroyed and knocked out. Cooper then turned to those present, including some of the officers who had been chiding him about the ineffectiveness of pack howitzers, informing them that his battalion had knocked out and destroyed at least two tanks with direct fire. The CP should be well camouflaged, but the CPO (Command Post Officer) should be able to see all the guns with ease. six guns In stopping the last major German assault against Bastogne in the Battle of the Bulge, the veteran gunners of the 463rd Parachute Field Artillery Battalion proved their skill to skeptical troops of the 101st Airborne Division. Captain Harry S. Truman in 1918, the only "redleg" to become President. Only with a number of further inventions (such as the limber, hitched to the trail of a wheeled artillery piece equipped with trunnions), did the concept of field artillery really take off. This method reduces the time required for first sergeants to refuel dozens of 5-gallon fuel cans and maximizes refuel operations. By the end of the month, the 463rd was transferred to the French Maritime Alps to assist in blocking any attempted German escape from France into Italy. In the case of the U.S. Army, this entire process is covered in U.S. Army Field Manual 6-50 Chapter 2.[6]. OC/Ts have observed that the SBCT's M978 HEMTT fuel tankers are best used when one is rotated through the batteries from the LRP and passed through the battery first sergeant to be returned to the FSC at the next LRP. It has a rate of fire of 10 rounds per minute. It also had an anti-tank platoon of four x M3A1 37mm anti-tank guns. One of the woods concealed two tank destroyers. These are preplanned missions, typically just in front of or upon one's own positions, designed with the intention of either suppressing potential attacks (where fire is dropped just in front of a friendly position), or in dropping fire on a recently abandoned or overrun position to prevent the enemy from consolidating there. Field artillery is a category of mobile artillery used to support armies in the field. Nearest to the three artillerymen were the 77 men of the 401sts Company A, commanded by 1st Lt. Howard Bowles. The engineer support platoon consists of a platoon headquarters, a horizontal, squad that provides specialized engineer equipment to support limited general engineering tasks assigned to. This is a common occurrence as units arrive at the NTC. The purpose of the advance party security with METT-T and the absence of enemy troops, mines, booby traps, NBC hazards, and so on. [3] Following the beginning of the gunpowder era, the first field artillery came into being as metallurgy allowed thinner cannon barrels to withstand the explosive forces without bursting. By nightfall it became clear that the German force that attacked early on Christmas morning had been almost completely destroyed, with the bulk of the men dead, wounded or captured. ORGANIZATION. The battalion was ordered to rest and refit while waiting for the 17th Airborne Division, then in training in England. Today, modern field batteries measure targets in kilometers and miles and often do not directly engage the enemy with observed direct fire. A. Unfortunately, this delays resupply because forecasted supplies and resources are not staged forward. Self-propelled guns do not suffer from these restrictions. This gives it the ability to fix forward as much as possible as long as it has the necessary equipment and time in position to repair. The process consists of determining the precise target location based on the observer's location if needed, then computing range and direction to the target from the guns' location. The sound of distant shells and bombs crashing around Champs did not even stir the exhausted infantry and artillerymen, leaving Rogan alone to think about home and happier Christmases. MSTs are generally responsible for the quality assurance and quality control of maintenance faults identified by operators. The home of the Field Artillery and the Field Artillery School are at Fort Sill, Oklahoma . To his shocked and sullen officers he announced, All I know of the situation is that there has been a breakthrough, and we have got to get up there. He informed them that they should be ready to move out by truck the next morning for Werbomont, Belgium. Instead, they hugged the earth and waited for the artillery to stop. The two different methods share many similarities, but their execution is where differences arise. Cooper did not want to begin a controversy with Sherburne by insisting that his battalion had actually knocked out eight tanks and captured one. -Gen Dwight D. Eisenhower. The S-4 must anticipate, request, coordinate, and supervise the execution of sustainment by either the headquarters and headquarters battery or the FSC. This individual has the responsibility to coordinate with the CTCP and synchronize support from the brigade support area (BSA). Kinnard attached the 326th Airborne Engineer Battalion, two platoons of the 9th Armored Engineer Battalion and four platoons of the 705th Tank Destroyer Battalion to the 327th along with an amalgam of infantry, tank destroyers and tanks. They were deployed across a 1,200-yard front line along a ridge about 25 feet high. PFC. Two more tank destroyers were in a group of trees some 400 yards to the left of Company As position.Company B of the 401st was dug in on the right side of Company A on the ridge, extending about 1,100 yards to a roadblock on the Champs to Mande St. Etienne road. What size tire is on a 2011 Toyota Corolla. FSCs are responsible for providing and synchronizing multifunctional logistics operations to supported units and the overall tactical mission. (CENTAURS), Constituted 27 April 1798 in the Regular Army as a company in the 3d Battalion, 2d Regiment of Artillerists and Engineers, Organized in 1798 at Fort Jay, New York, as Captain James Stille's Company, 3d Battalion, 2d Regiment of Artillerists and Engineers, Redesignated 1 April 1802 as Captain James Stille's Company, Regiment of Artillerists, Redesignated 9 June 1805 as Captain John Fergus's Company, Regiment of Artillerists, Redesignated 30 June 1808 as Captain William Wilson's Company, Regiment of Artillerists, Redesignated 3 June 1809 as Captain Enoch Humphrey's Company, Regiment of Artillerists, Redesignated 11 January 1812 as Captain Enoch Humphrey's Company, 1st Regiment of Artillery, Redesignated 12 May 1814 as Captain Enoch Humphrey's Company, Corps of Artillery, Redesignated 17 May 1815 as Captain Enoch Humphrey's Company, Corps of Artillery, Southern Division, Redesignated 21 August 1816 as Company C, 3d Battalion, Corps of Artillery, Southern Division, Redesignated 1 June 1821 as Company B, 4th Regiment of Artillery, Reorganized and redesignated 13 February 1901 as the 7th Battery, Field Artillery, Artillery Corps, Reorganized and redesignated 11 June 1907 as Battery D, 6th Field Artillery, (6th Field Artillery assigned 8 June 1917 to the 1st Expeditionary Division [later redesignated as the 1st Division]; relieved 16 October 1939 from assignment to the 1st Division; assigned 22 June 1940 to the 8th Division; relieved 20 July 1940 from assignment to the 8th Division), Inactivated 1 August 1940 at Fort Hoyle, Maryland, Absorbed 4 January 1941 by Battery A, 6th Field Artillery Battalion (active) (Battery A, 6th Field Artillery, reorganized and redesignated 4 January 1941 as Battery A, 6th Field Artillery Battalion [6th Field Artillery assigned 8 August 1942 to the 37th Infantry Division]; inactivated 13 December 1945 at Camp Anza, California; redesignated 24 July 1946 as Battery A, 6th Armored Field Artillery Battalion, and relieved from assignment to the 37th Infantry Division; activated 1 August 1946 at Fort Sill, Oklahoma), Former Battery D, 6th Field Artillery, reconstituted 15 February 1957 in the Regular Army; concurrently, redesignated as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 1st Howitzer Battalion, 6th Artillery, assigned to the 1st Armored Division, and activated at Fort Polk, Louisiana (organic elements concurrently constituted and activated), Redesignated 3 February 1962 as the 1st Battalion, 6th Artillery (Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 1st Battalion, 6th Artillery, concurrently consolidated with Battery D, 6th Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion [organized in 1898], and consolidated unit designated as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 1st Battalion, 6th Artillery), Relieved 5 May 1971 from assignment to the 1st Armored Division and assigned to the 1st Cavalry Division, Reorganized and redesignated (less former Battery D, 6th Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion) 1 September 1971 as the 1st Battalion, 6th Field Artillery (former Battery D, 6th Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion, concurrently redesignated as the 1st Battalion, 6th Air Defense Artillery--hereafter separate lineage), 1st Battalion, 6th Field Artillery, relieved 21 June 1975 from assignment to the 1st Cavalry Division, Inactivated 1 October 1983 at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, Assigned 16 February 1996 to the 1st Infantry Division and activated in Germany, Redesignated 1 October 2005 as the 1st Battalion, 6th Field Artillery Regiment, Relieved 16 April 2007 from assignment to the 1st Infantry Division and assigned to the 3d Brigade Combat Team, 1st Infantry Division, Activated 19 September 2019 to the 41st Field Artillery Brigade in Grafenwoehr Germany, Department of the Army The 463rd's odyssey to this Christmas morning in Belgium began in February 1942, when the War Department authorized the creation of the first test parachute artillery battery. When units execute sustainment operations in accordance with obsolete doctrine, such as FM 3-09.21, it disrupts the establishment of a shared understanding across the battalion. How many Patriot missiles are in a battery? Tactical artillery regiments all belong to the Royal Regiment of Artillery. The CBRN platoon receives administrative and. ORGANIZATION. How many men are in a field artillery battery? Because most counter-battery radar is active, the location can be determined electronically from listening to the beams. While the primary mission of the 463rd was to support the thinly covered western and southern sector held by the 327th, it was called on daily to assist in repelling the Germans from the other sectors of the 101sts perimeter. As the meeting broke up, Cooper approached McAuliffe and the acting division artillery commander, Colonel Thomas Sherburne, to remind them that his unit was only temporarily attached to the 101st and requested permission to join the division in its advance. The FDC at the battalion level is responsible for recording friendly and enemy positions, tracking available battery munitions, and determining the optimal response for engaging a target identified by the FO. Because the calculations have already been done, the fire can be called down very quickly when it is needed. The signal company. In recent decades, FDCs have become computerized, allowing for much faster and more accurate computation of firing data. To defend against counter battery fire there are two points of attack: either remove the enemy's ability to observe or make his observations irrelevant/obsolete. He informed Garrett that the tanks were moving toward Hemroulle. Reorganized and redesignated 14 July 1944 as the 106th Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion. Throughout World War II the 456th would continue to provide Cadres for other Parachute Field Artillery Battalions. When the fire is good enough the FO signals "target on, fire for effect". Battery A being constituted the 14th and Battery B, the 15th . Please take a moment and look through your Battery photo and when you recognize someone tell me their location so I can post it under the photo. Higher level units monitor their subordinate unit's missions both for active as well as passive purposes. For more great articles subscribe to World War II magazine today! [2] The book also describes another mobile form of artillery called a "barbarian attacking cannon" consisting of a cannon attached to a two-wheel carriage.[5]. The U.S.Army Field Manual describing the duties and responsibilities is FM 630, Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Observed Fire. The artillerymen counted 11 tanks and a large number of German soldiers, including all of the tank crews. A half-hour later he informed his superiors that his panzers had reached the western edge of Bastogne. Each SBCT FSC is authorized two M978 HEMTT fuel tankers, and each ABCT FSC is authorized three M978 HEMTT fuel tankers. We have spent more time waiting for our parachutes to open, he said, than you guys have spent in combat since the invasion of Europe. Cooper would soon have an opportunity to back up his words with deeds. How long has Coney Island in Fort Wayne Open? Companies may be task-organized further to maneuver task forces, 1-20. FSC commanders and first sergeants must understand sustainment doctrine, have technical expertise, and know how to apply logistics planning methods. What are the four batteries in a field artillery battalion has? Staging supplies and assets forward reduces the time and distance planning factors for FSC resupply missions. General Maxwell Taylor, however, intervened by stating, The 463rd is firmly united with this [the 101st] Division and any change will result in serious loss of morale and efficiency both to the division and the battalion. Headquarters then agreed, and the Bastard Battalion officially became a member of the Battered Bastards of Bastogne. Peed, George A. TEC/5. A' Field Battery is an artillery battery of the Australian Army. six guns The advance party consists of the battery commander, his driver, first sergeant, gunnery sergeant, FDC guide, gun guides, and communications representatives. Sometimes it is a full R3P, and other times it is a modified version that provides just one class of supply such as class V (ammunition). | Army Organic Industrial Base Modernization Implementation Plan, Department of the Army announces upcoming 101st Airborne Sustainment Brigade deployment, Department of the Army announces 3rd Infantry Division deployment, Department of the Army announces 1st Armored Division's Sustainment Brigade deployment. Department of the Army. As they approached the wreck of each tank, McAuliffe asked, Which gun knocked this out? They could clearly see ricochet marks across the snow in front of two tanks and could see the gun from which the shot was fired. The battery commander can coordinate for additional assets, or augment the advance party with internal assets, to provide the additional ability to clear areas of small enemy forces, obstacles, and minefields. He must take great care not to be observed by the enemy, especially if in a static position. Once the tanks began to move, the artillerymen could make out the muzzle breaks on the guns, and Garrett ordered, Let the shit hit the fan. Cooper later remarked that with those words, all hell broke loose. Therefore, perfecting them is challenging if additional guidance or clearly defined standard operating procedures are not available. A standard artillery battery has roughly six guns and up to 150 Marines; a battalion would include up to 18 guns or three firing batteries. Soloman. Constituted 5 May 1917 in the Texas National Guard as the 1st Battalion, 2d Field Artillery. PFC. The Term Battery Historically, the word battery was used to describe a series of similar objects grouped together to perform a function, as in a battery of artillery. PFC. Cooper found Harper, who had just made it back from England, and asked, Do you need me? Harper replied, Youre goddamn right. As a formality, Cooper returned to his battalion and gave his officers a choice of whether to stay and wait for the 17th or to join the 327th.
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