Missolonghi has fallen! Back in Cyprus during the war, the local population suffered greatly at the hands of the Ottoman rulers of the islands, who were quick to act with great severity at any act of patriotism and sympathy of the Greeks of Cyprus to the Revolution, fearing a similar uprising in Cyprus. [34], Due to economic developments within and outside the Ottoman Empire in the 18th century, Greek merchants and sailors became affluent and generated the wealth necessary to found schools and libraries, and to pay for young Greeks to study at the universities of Western Europe. What Joe Biden Can Learn from the Greek War of Independence. Finally, our research resources extend to the rich historiography that documents and interprets this period. The events leading up to his execution were documented in an epic poem written in the Cypriot dialect by Vassilis Michaelides. In February 1823 he notified the Ottoman Empire that Britain would maintain friendly relations with the Turks only under the condition that the latter respected the Christian subjects of the Empire. He thus cut the Greeks off from the sea and blocked off their supply route. He spent a lot of his time convincing wealthy Greeks to build schools and libraries to further the education of Greeks. They landed at Asprovrisi of Lapithou. [56], These measures led to the increase of British influence. 5 quotes [69] However, a study on the archive of Hugues Pouqueville (Franois Pouqueville's brother) claims that Franois' account was accurate, without making any reference to the purported Anglophobia or Francophilia of Germanos. For, standing on the Persians' grave, However, Pappas died en route to join the revolution at Hydra. [223], Some of the more infamous atrocities include the Chios Massacre, the Constantinople Massacre, the Destruction of Psara, Massacre of Samothrace (1821), Kasos Massacre, Naousa massacre, Third siege of Missolonghi, the massacres following the Tripolitsa Massacre, and the Navarino Massacre. [132] The Greek military leaders preferred battlefields where they could annihilate the numerical superiority of the opponent, and, at the same time, the lack of artillery hampered Ottoman military efforts. Tensions soon developed among different Greek factions, leading to two consecutive civil wars. We, the inhabitants of Mani, sign and wait for you. When they failed to counter the Ottoman Navy, it was able to resupply the isolated Ottoman garrisons and land reinforcements from the Ottoman Empire's provinces, threatening to crush the rebellion; likewise the failure of the Greek fleet to break the naval blockade of Messolonghi (as it did several times earlier) in 1826 led to the fall of the city. A vast oral tradition of folk poetry attests to the sympathy they evoked and their reputation for patriotism. Between 3,000 and 4,000 women and children were enslaved and many of the people who remained behind decided to blow themselves up with gunpowder rather than be enslaved. [24] Some managed to establish exclusive control in their armatolik, forcing the Porte to try repeatedly, though unsuccessfully, to eliminate them. After nearly four hundred years of foreign rule, Greeks often used music and poetry as a means of empowerment in the war. 2021 marks the 200th anniversary of the Greek War of Independence and so provides a commemorative opportunity to again assess its nature and significance. Central governance was strengthened at the expense of regional bodies, a new constitution was voted, and new members were elected for the executive and the legislative bodies. A re-enactment of the March First Independence Movement was held honoring the national holiday and 1919 demonstrations that called for independence from Japan. The town of Missolonghi fell in April 1826 after a year-long siege by the Turks. For me, Batman is the one that can most clearly be taken seriously. [204], On 20 October 1827, as the weather got worse, the British, Russian and French fleets entered the Bay of Navarino in peaceful formation to shelter themselves and to make sure that the Egyptian-Turkish fleet did not slip off and attack Hydra. Information and translations of greek war of independence in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. There is debate among scholars over whether the massacres committed by the Greeks should be regarded as a response to prior events (such as the massacre of the Greeks of Tripoli, after the failed Orlov Revolt of 1770 and the destruction of the Sacred Band[224]) or as separate atrocities, which started simultaneously with the outbreak of the revolt. The Pandur leader was Tudor Vladimirescu, who had already reached the outskirts of Bucharest on 16 March [N.S. [67], As news came of Ypsilantis' march into the Danubian Principalities, the atmosphere in the Peloponnese was tense, and by mid-March, sporadic incidents against Muslims occurred, heralding the start of the uprising. However, the reactionary policies of the Holy Alliance were enforced by Francis II and the country refused to give asylum for leaders of revolts in neighboring countries. [79], The initial Greek successes were soon put in peril after two subsequent defeats at the battles of Alamana and Eleftherohori against the army of Omer Vrioni. [36] Educated and influential members of the large Greek diaspora, such as Adamantios Korais and Anthimos Gazis, tried to transmit these ideas back to the Greeks, with the double aim of raising their educational level and simultaneously strengthening their national identity. Thus, as a result of the Ottoman millet system, the predominantly Greek hierarchy of the Patriarchate enjoyed control over the Empire's Orthodox subjects (the Rum milleti[9]). On 18 May, when Yusuf learned of the incidents at Polygyros and the spreading of the insurrection to the villages of Chalkidiki, he ordered half of his hostages to be slaughtered before his eyes. In May1832, Palmerston convened the London Conference. [197] Prussia, whose king Frederich Wilhelm was close to Metternich, chose to follow the Austrian lead. The London Philhellenic Committee helped insurgent Greece to float two loans in 1824 (800,000) and 1825 (2,000,000). Donald B. Redford puts the Biblical account of Israel's stay in and expulsion from Egypt in line . After a long and bloody struggle, and with the aid of the Great Powers, independence was finally granted by the Treaty of Constantinople in July 1832. Read More. More about Greek Contributions Dbq Essay. Today are raised from the dead the fighters, political, religious, as well as military, for our King has come, that we begat with the power of God. ai nante poi shite motto. On 30 October 1821, an offensive led by the new Pasha of Thessaloniki, Muhammad Emin Abulubud, resulted in a decisive Ottoman victory at Kassandra. War of Greek Independence, (1821-32), rebellion of Greeks within the Ottoman Empire, a struggle which resulted in the establishment of an independent kingdom of Greece. From the Greek translation of Svoronos (Nicolas), Robert Zegger, "Greek Independence and the London Committee". There, Papaflessas, a pro-revolution priest who presented himself as representative of Filiki Eteria, clashed with most of the civil leaders and members of the senior clergy, such as Metropolitan Germanos of Patras, who were sceptical and demanded guarantees about a Russian intervention. 1908. In October 1828, the Greeks regrouped and formed a new government under Kapodistrias. 1. Feraios wrote enthusiastic poems and books on Greek history and many became popular. When the Turks refused, Great Britain, France, and Russia sent their naval fleets to Navarino, where, on October 20, 1827, they destroyed the Egyptian fleet. Sfyroeras, Schoolbook for Triti Gymnasiou, 6th edition, Athens 1996, pp. [182] On 13 October 1826, Gouras was killed by an Ottoman sniper and a week later, Yannis Makriyannis was wounded three times in a single day. [103], Cretan participation in the revolution was extensive, but it failed to achieve liberation from Turkish rule because of Egyptian intervention. Under the protocol signed on 7 May 1832 between Bavaria and the protecting powers, Greece was defined as a "monarchical and independent state" but was to pay an indemnity to the Porte. Arrested by Austrian officials in Trieste in 1797, he was handed over to Ottoman officials and transported to Belgrade along with his co-conspirators. [b] Orthodox Christians were granted some political rights under Ottoman rule, but they were considered inferior subjects. Further negotiations in 1832 led to the London Conference and the Treaty of Constantinople, which defined the final borders of the new state and established Prince Otto of Bavaria as the first king of Greece. At that point, the three Great powers Russia, Britain, and France decided to intervene, sending their naval squadrons to Greece in 1827. By mid-1832 the northern frontier of the new state had been set along the line extending from south of Vlos to south of rta; Prince Otto of Bavaria had accepted the crown, and the Turkish sultan had recognized Greek independence (Treaty of Constantinople; July 1832). The Greek War of Independence began with two uprisings in March 1821. These factors explain why, after denouncing the Greek Revolution, Alexander dispatched an ultimatum to Constantinople on 27 July 1821, after the Greek massacres in the city and the hanging of the Patriarch. [187], Kapodistrias arrived in Greece to become the Governor on 28 January 1828. An Arabic word meaning "flock" or "herd animal". Ibrahim now began a campaign to annihilate the Greeks of the Peloponnese as he thought the Allies had reneged on their agreement. [194], In March 1823, Canning declared that "when a whole nation revolts against its conqueror, the nation cannot be considered as piratical but as a nation in a state of war". [159] One of the British philhellenes, Frank Abney Hastings believed that the use of mechanised warships powered by steam and using red-hot shot would allow the Greeks to overpower the Ottoman navy, powered as it was by sail. ", Miller, Marion S. "A 'Liberal International'? Get A Copy Two days after crossing the Prut, at Three Holy Hierarchs Monastery in Iai (Jassy), the capital of Moldavia, Ypsilantis issued a proclamation calling all Greeks and Christians to rise up against the Ottomans:[58][59][60][61], Fight for Faith and Fatherland! For Kids: Many famous and powerful quotes originated during the American Revolution, statements we still quote (and sometimes misquote) today. [12] However, Greece was to remain under Ottoman rule for several more centuries. 19 June].[64]. [214], By one of the protocols, the Greek throne was initially offered to Leopold, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and the future King of Belgium. . [169] Popular opinion in both Greece and the rest of Europe, soon credited Ibrahim Pasha with the so-called "barbarisation project", where it was alleged that Ibrahim planned to deport the entire Christian Greek population to Egypt as slaves and replace them with Egyptian peasants. In the National Library, there is a list of 580 names of Cypriots who fought in the War between 1821 and 1829. [179], Ibrahim tried to enter Mani from the north-east near Almiro on 21 June 1826, but he was forced to stop at the fortifications at Vergas in northern Mani. All of them were strangled to death in June 1798 and their bodies were dumped in the Danube. [141] The successive military campaigns of the Ottomans in Western and Eastern Greece were repulsed: in 1822, Mahmud Dramali Pasha crossed Roumeli and invaded Morea, but suffered a serious defeat in the Dervenakia. This page was last edited on 23 January 2023, at 11:22. [83] In the city of Smyrna (modern zmir, Turkey), which until 1922 was a mostly Greek city, Ottoman soldiers drawn from the interior of Anatolia on their way to fight in either Greece or Moldavia/Wallachia, staged a pogrom in June 1821 against the Greeks, leading Gordon to write: "3,000 ruffians assailed the Greek quarter, plundered the houses and slaughtered the people; Smyrna resembled a place taken by assault, neither age or sex being respected". His intention was to raise all the Christians of the Balkans in rebellion and perhaps force Russia to intervene on their behalf. And musing there an hour alone, Kanaris brought with him to mainland Greece, Cypriots who created the "Column of Cypriots" ( ), led by General Chatzipetros, which fought with extraordinary heroism in Greece. For the first time, a Christian subject people had achieved independence from Ottoman rule and established a fully independent state, recognized by Europe. Archbishop Kyprianos was defiant in his death. At Missolonghi many were killed, and at the Battle of Athens in 1827, around 130 were killed. Tzakis, Dionysis "The Military Events (18221824)". The Greek War of Independence is a masterful work--the first comprehensive study in thirty years--of one of the most heroic and bloody struggles for independence any people has ever waged. Intervention in the Greek War of Independence 107 against taking up arms, and called instead for the regeneration of the Greeks through education.21 Moreover, the urge for Greek freedom was not sweeping, with the Orthodox Patriarchate, most Phanariots and many primates in the southern Balkans against it, given their privileges and affluence.22 [206], In Britain, the battle received a mixed reception. [35] There they came into contact with the radical ideas of the European Enlightenment, the French Revolution and romantic nationalism. [49], The population of the new state numbered 800,000, representing less than one-third of the 2.5million Greek inhabitants of the Ottoman Empire. Instead of surrendering, the Maniots simply replied: From the few Greeks of Mani and the rest of the Greeks who live there to Ibrahim Pasha. It was considered that Codrington had grossly exceeded his instructions by provoking a showdown with the Ottoman fleet, and that his actions had gravely compromised the Ottoman ability to resist Russian encroachment. [41] The death of Rigas fanned the flames of Greek nationalism; his nationalist poem, the "Thourios" (war-song), was translated into a number of Western European and later Balkan languages and served as a rallying cry for Greeks against Ottoman rule.[42]. The three Great Powers, Britain, France and Russia, offered the throne to the Bavarian prince, Otto of Wittelsbach; meanwhile, the Fifth National Assembly at Nafplion had approved the choice of Otto, and passed the Constitution of 1832 (which would come to be known as the "Hegemonic Constitution"). However, the success of Muhammad Ali's troops in both places settled the Turks on the horns of a very difficult dilemma, since they were afraid of their wli's expansionist ambitions. In 1823 civil war broke out between the guerrilla leader Thedoros Kolokotrnis and Gergios Kountouritis, who was head of the government that had been formed in January 1822 but that was forced to flee to the island of Hydra (dra) in December 1822. [57], Alexander Ypsilantis was elected as the head of the Filiki Eteria in April 1820 and took upon himself the task of planning the insurrection. His army of 7,000 men was held off by an army of 2,000 Maniots and 500 refugees from other parts of Greece until Kolokotronis attacked the Egyptians from the rear and forced them to retreat. [95], Haiti was the first government of an independent state to recognise the Greek independence. [84], The news of the revolution was greeted with dismay by the conservative leaders of Europe, committed to upholding the system established at the Congress of Vienna, but was greeted with enthusiasm by many ordinary people across Europe. [127] The Albanian-speaking seamen of Hydra and Spetses provided the core of the Greek fleet and leading members of the Greek government, among them a one wartime president. The excellent work of the last decade, in both Greek and English, deserves to be set apart. Used in Thessaly, created by Anthimos Gazis, Flag of the Military-Political System of Samos, Very widespread flag used by all the revolutionaries, In 1971, the Municipality of Thessaloniki commissioned a symphonic work for the 150th anniversary of the Greek Revolution. The next day, all abbots and monks of monasteries in Cyprus were executed. [134] The Ottoman sailors and soldiers promptly went on a rampage, killing and raping without mercy, as one contemporary recalled: "Mercy was out of the question, the victors butchering indiscriminately all who came in their way; shrieks rent the air, and the streets were strewn with the dead bodies of old men, women, and children; even the inmates of the hospital, the madhouse and deaf and dumb institution, were inhumanely slaughtered". [184] Church landed in Greece in March 1827, and was welcomed by his old friend Kolokotronis. After doing this, he disbanded most of his fleet, which returned to Malta, while the French went to the Aegean. In June 1821 the insurgents tried to cut communications between Thrace and the south, attempting to prevent the serasker Haji Muhammad Bayram Pasha from transferring forces from Asia Minor to southern Greece. He believed that a furthering in education would be necessary for the general welfare and prosperity of the people of Greece, as well as the country. In early July 1821, the Cypriot Archimandrite Theofylaktos Thiseas arrived in Larnaca as a messenger of the Filiki Etairia, bringing orders to Kyprianos, while proclamations were distributed in every corner of the island. Codrington responded by saying that if Ibrahim's fleets attempted to go anywhere but home, he would have to destroy them. 1. 6 March], he crossed the river Prut with his followers, entering the Danubian Principalities. [200] Since Britain and Russia were going ahead with their plans to impose mediation with or without France, if the French declined the offer to impose mediation, Greece would be in the Anglo-Russian sphere of influence, while if the French did take part, then Greece would also be in the French sphere of influence. [11] Demetrius Chalcondyles called on Venice and "all of the Latins" to aid the Greeks against "the abominable, monstrous, and impious barbarian Turks". [182] In December, Febvier was able to infiltrate a force of some 500 men into the Akropolis, bringing in much needed supplies of gunpowder, through he was much offended when Makriyannis had his men start firing to wake up the Turks, trapping Fabvier and his men. [158] The Board of Control used the money to hire the naval hero, Lord Cochrane, to command the Greek Navy and to buy steamships. Even though the rebels delayed him, they were ultimately defeated at the pass of Rentina. Metternich persuaded Alexander that Kapodistrias was in league with the Italian Carbonari (an Italian revolutionary group), leading Alexander to disavow him. Byron's death strengthened European sympathy for the Greek cause. The battle-scarred hero of the Greek Revolution, Giannos "Astrapogiannos", returns home after the end of the blood-soaked War of Independence, only to find himself in a new conflict, as he locks horns with a ruthless local Kodjabashis. As Vacalopoulos notes, however, "adequate preparations for rebellion had not been made, nor were revolutionary ideals to be reconciled with the ideological world of the monks within the Athonite regime". Kostans is a multi-award nominated and winner content creator, director . The role of the Philike Hetaireia, the secret political organization that coordinated the Wars initial leadership, has increasingly drawn the attention of scholars. The revolt began in February 1821 when Alexander Ypsilantis, leader of the Etairists, crossed the Prut River into Turkish-held Moldavia with a small force of troops. However, the local pasha, Kk Pasha, intercepted these messages and reacted with fury, calling in reinforcements, confiscating weapons and arresting several prominent Cypriots. The Mulla of Thessalonica, Hayrlah, gives the following description of Yusuf's retaliations: Every day and every night you hear nothing in the streets of Thessaloniki but shouting and moaning. These loans, which, in effect, made the City of London the financier of the revolution,[56] inspired the creation of the "British" political party in Greece, whose opinion was that the revolution could only end in success with the help of Britain. Omissions? [135] Before Kara Ali's fleet had arrived, Chios had between 100,000 and 120,000 Greeks living there, of which some 25,000 were killed in the massacre, with another 45,000 (mostly women and children) sold into slavery. By its nature, war is harsh, brutal, and pitiless, and while it can call out . [77], The first regions to revolt in Central Greece were Phocis (24 March) and Salona (27 March). We need to . "Freedom . Another influential Greek writer and intellectual was Adamantios Korais who witnessed the French Revolution. [113], Following the instructions of Alexander Ypsilantis, that is to prepare the ground and to rouse the inhabitants of Macedonia to rebellion, Pappas loaded arms and munitions from Constantinople on a ship on 23 March and proceeded to Mount Athos, considering that this would be the most suitable spring-board for starting the insurrection. [118] Meanwhile, the revolt in Chalkidiki was progressing slowly and unsystematically. 2 Padelis E. Lekas, "The Greek War of Independence from the Perspective of Historical Sociology," The Historical Review/La Revue Historique 2, (2006): 162. https://doi. In the early 19th century, the Greeks' desire for independence from the Ottoman Empire was stimulated by growing nationalism, the influence of the French Revolution, Turkish reverses in the Russo-Turkish wars, the 1820 rebellion of Ali Pasha and the sympathetic attitude of Tsar Aleksandr I of Russia. Despite a failed invasion of Mani, Athens also fell and revolutionary morale decreased. [15] However, the Maniots continually resisted Ottoman rule, and defeated several Ottoman incursions into their region, the most famous of which was the invasion of 1770. They also pleaded that they maintain the Concert of Europe. [198], The Greeks formally applied for the mediation provided in the Petersburg Protocol, while the Turks and the Egyptians showed no willingness to stop fighting. [139], In July 1822, the Greeks and philhellenes at the Battle of Peta under Alexandros Mavrokordatos inflicted much punishment on an Ottoman army commanded by Omer Vrioni, but reflecting the chronic factionalism and disunity that characterized the Greek war effort, were undone when one of the Greek captains, Gogos Bakolas betrayed his own side to the Ottomans, allowing Albanian infantry to advance up the ridge. war of independence waged by Greek revolutionaries. And Marathon looks on the sea; Right: Account of the contributions of several Swiss communities in support of Greek independence, 1829. [170] Russia warned that if the "barbarisation project" was a real plan, then such an egregious violation of the Treaty of Kk Kaynarca, under which Russia had a vague claim to be the protector of all the Orthodox peoples of the Ottoman Empire, would lead to Russia going to war against the Ottomans. It also shows the results of Russia . As George Finlay stresses: "Thus Prince Demetrios Ypsilantis had the honor of terminating the war which his brother had commenced on the banks of the Pruth. [196] According to the protocol, the two powers agreed to mediate between the Ottomans and the Greeks on the basis of complete autonomy of Greece under Turkish sovereignty. Greek War of Independence 200 years ago the banner was raised which marked the beginning of the Greek War of Independence that would lead to their freedom from the Ottoman Empire. At the same time, the Great Powers, allied in the "Concert of Europe" in opposition to revolutions in the aftermath of Napoleon I of France, were preoccupied with revolts in Italy and Spain. [72], On 17 March 1821, war was declared on the Turks by the Maniots in Areopoli. The Greeks of Cyprus underwent great risk to provide these supplies, and secretly load them onto boats arriving at intervals from Greece, as the Ottoman rulers in Cyprus at the time were very wary of Cypriot insurgency and sentenced to death any Greek Cypriots found aiding the Greek cause. [88] From the United States came the doctor Samuel Gridley Howe and the soldier George Jarvis to fight with the Greeks. Get 20% OFF + Free International Shipping with my link https://manscaped.com/kings #sponsored #fathersdayKin. Tuesday, February 28, 2023 View More [207] The French troops, whose military engineers also helped rebuild the Peloponnese, were accompanied by seventeen distinguished scientists of the scientific expedition of Morea (botany, zoology, geology, geography, archaeology, architecture and sculpture), whose work was of major importance for the building of the new independent State. He was imprisoned for his defiance of the central government but was later released to help defend the Morea (Peloponnese) against the Egyptian army of Imbrahim pasha. The Greek cause, however, was saved by the intervention of the European powers. Sithonia, Mount Athos and Thasos subsequently surrendered on terms. Our generals are experienced, and all our fellow countrymen are full of enthusiasm. The Greek War of Independence spanned from 1821 until 1829, starting with Ypsilantis' invasion of the Danubian Principalities and ending with the signing of the Treaty of Adrianople, in which the Ottomans agreed to Greek autonomy. "There are always those who wish to sanitize war by portraying its grand and noble deeds-which sometimes occur-while drawing a veil over its shameless side. [28] Contrary to conventional Greek history, many of the klephts and armatoles participated at the Greek War of Independence according to their own militaristic patron-client terms. 16, University of North Florida, " ", "Greek Auditors in the Courses of Jean Lamarck", The Greek Revolution: 1821 and the Making of Modern Europe, The Question of Greek Independence: A Study of British Policy in the Near East, 18211833, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Greek_War_of_Independence&oldid=1142325284, "Today the fatherland is reborn, that for so long was lost and extinguished. [175] The news that the Third Siege of Missolonghi had ended in an Ottoman victory sparked horror all over Greece; at the National Assembly, Kolokotronis was giving a speech when the news of Missolonghi's fall reached him, leaving him to remember: "the news came to us that Missolonghi was lost. The campaign ended after the Second Siege of Missolonghi in December 1823. His daughter, Galya Woolf, confirmed the . The legendary battle flag is currently stored at the National Historical Museum of Athens. He was 94 years old. Updates? Select a Chapter Prelude From Resistance to Rebellion Continental Forces Fighting the War Allies and Enemies George Washington's Legacy This war occurred roughly a week before the rest of Greece started a war on March 25, 1821. [104] Crete had a long history of resisting Turkish rule, exemplified by the folk hero Daskalogiannis, who was killed while fighting the Turks. Maison thus implemented the convention Codrington had negotiated and signed in Alexandria with Muhammad Ali, which provided for the withdrawal of all Egyptian troops from the Peloponnese. [170] In turn, the British Foreign Secretary George Canning wrote, rather than run the risk of Russia defeating the Ottomans alone, Britain would have to intervene to stop the "barbarisation project" as the British did not wish to see the Russians conquer the Ottoman Empire. Defying Ottoman rule, the klephts were highly admired and held a significant place in popular lore. During a great part of the next century, the Greek state sought the liberation of the "unredeemed" Greeks of the Ottoman Empire, in accordance with the Megali Idea, i.e., the goal of uniting all Greeks in one country. [51] In Britain there was strong support led by the Philosophical Radicals, the Whigs, and the Evangelicals. In February 1824, the loan for Greece was floated in the City, attracting some 472, 000 pounds sterling (~$17.4 million in 2021), which was money that the Greeks badly needed. With the initiative of the Messenian Senate, a Peloponnesian assembly convened, and elected a Senate on 26 May. The Greeks managed to halt the Turkish advance at the Battle of Gravia under the leadership of Odysseas Androutsos, who, with a handful of men, inflicted heavy casualties upon the Turkish army. In the meanwhile, Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople and the Synod had anathematized and excommunicated both Ypsilantis and Soutzos issuing many encyclicals, an explicit denunciation of the Revolution in line with the Orthodox Church's policy. [33] Some famous armatoles leaders were Odysseas Androutsos, Georgios Karaiskakis, Athanasios Diakos, Markos Botsaris and Giannis Stathas. The British public, many of them Philhellenes, were overjoyed at the outcome of the battle which all but confirmed the independence of Greece. In the early months of 1821, with the absence of the Ottoman governor of the Morea (Mora valesi) Hursid Pasha and many of his troops, the situation was favourable for the Greeks to rise against Ottoman occupation. It was also a globally significant war as it is one of the first examples of a people fired up with nationalist sentiment rising up against a big transnational empire.
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